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The Colt 1911 Guide to Modifications according to Jeff Cooper

3831 Views 65 Replies 29 Participants Last post by  theraptur
I offer this without comment, take from it what you will! I do not remember the date of this list but it was a while back!
Cheers,
crkckr

THE COLT 1911 .45 ACP:
Guide to Modifications, according to Jeff Cooper

THINGS YOU SHOULD DO:
High Visibility Sights (including ramped front)
Dehorning
A crisp 3 1/2 to 4 1/2 lb. trigger


THINGS THAT ARE USEFUL:
Adjustable high visibility sights
Solid bushing
Enlarged ejection port
Beveled magazine well
Extended thumb safety
Throated barrel and polished feed ramp
Round and polish bottom of extractor hook
Magazine floor plate pads


THINGS THAT ARE OK:
Trigger over travel stop
Deactivate grip safety
Flat main spring housing
Spring modification to magazine release
Combat accuracy job (slight tightening of slide; solid bushing, not too tight; fitting of barrel hood,
link and slide stop to barrel lugs; 3 to 5 inch groups at 50 yards.
Bobbed hammer
Press fit of firing pin stop


THINGS OF QUESTIONABLE VALUE:
Colored sights
Duck tail grip safety
Ambidextrous thumb safety
Custom stocks
Stainless steel parts
Recoil buffer


THINGS THAT ARE OBJECTIONABLE:
Sight rib
Optical sights
Trigger shoe
Extended slide stop
Squared or hooked trigger guard
Loaded chamber indicator
Double action conversion
Muzzle brake
Over-length barrel
Extended magazine release
Recoil spring guide
Long slide
Group gripper
Ejection port modified to drop brass close to shooter
Maximum Accurize job; hard fit, lapped, maximum tightness, groups of 1 3/4 to 2 1/2 at 50 yards.
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I searched and searched the internets for a beaver with an upswept tail, but they were all flaccid and flat as a fritter.

Maybe "duck tail" is the better term after all.
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Yup, naming them the way we currently do is actually backwards. The flat down-swept ones like Colt used to use should be the ones being called beavertails.
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A mod not mentioned, but in evidence on Cooper's guns in the '60s, was removing most of the serrated or checkered finger piece of the slide stop.
He probably advocated for not using the slide stop as a slide release, so no loss of function, and I suspect the issue was interference with or wear on the holster.

After using all of the widely available grip safeties, I'm a fan of the M1911 original, with a spur hammer shortened and contoured for no hammer bite.
Beavertails create issues with reliable disengagement, and I find that a much more important than picking nits over how high the frame can or should be cut and blended.
This thread sure takes me back a ways, I hope folks don't mind my rambling, but lots of posts jiggle a cog in my old rusty brain.

I don't remember (not doubting the statement - just can't recall) about the trigger serrations or slide stop. I do remember not talking much about the the "emergency reload" ("slide lock reload"), as running your gun dry was a serious infraction - in fact when I went to the school the first time there was a fine of a case of beer (Jeff Liked Dos Equis - I asked) if you got caught with your slide back and your pistol empty. When I went back for the 599 the case of beer had disappeared but as long as the Col. was running the show, running a gun dry was still considered a faux-paux.

Oddly enough both Tom Givens and I had one penalty each for the week - both came in different simulators under the eye of Chuck Taylor, which gave him a lot of joy :) (well who ever heard of putting a gang of 5 shoot targets in a shoot-house?!):oops:

BTW, speaking of penalties, it is not germane to anything, but somewhere there are pictures of the "Mick-Lick" (I've never seen the term printed only verbally described so I may have mangled the spelling) - it was essentially a wooden silhouette target with about an 8" circle cut out of it - it had "arms" made of 2X4s which were hinged and there were something like screen door springs attached. The head was padded and hinged and there was some sort latch which caught it IF you hit it hard and fast enough - if you didn't, the arms were released and the 2X4's smacked you upside the head.

By the time I finally made it to the school in the spring of 1980 the springs had been removed from the "arms" (I can only imagine why ;) ). In our 499 we had a drill called the "Broadway Special" which started on the "Mick-Lick" - the goal was to drive your support hand into the face hard enough to lock the head back - draw while stepping back about 2 feet and put two rounds though the hole - The penalty for hitting the rest of the wood target was a magnum of champagne! There was only one hole in it in the wood in 1980, when I went back in 1982 I think they no longer used it.

Thanks for the memory!

Riposte
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Just curious about deactivating the grip safety, why would you do this?
I'm all for making sure the grip safety works, but I've known several people who it does not work for - especially some fo the high upswept grip safeties we see today. It was a common mod on Texas Ranger guns - they often used a string or piece of rawhide to tie the grip safety down.

Yes, you can "sensitize" a grip safety to function at the slightest pressure, but I still have seen people who cannot work them reflexively.

I have a pistol I built which has an odd cut (it was a mistake on an order from Caspian) and there seems to be no wide grip safety with a "speed bump" available - I worked on it repeatedly to get it to work but I still miss disengaging it one time out of 100 draws, that is to unreliable for me so I just hold it down with rubber bands until I can either find a safety that fits or end up having to reshape the frame for an Ed Brown.

Riposte
I found it as a good read. One thing that jumped out was the Flat MSH that is standard now for 1911s.

Thank you for sharing.
Oddly enough, I found the the flat housing to feel considerably better than the arched. To my surprise I shoot the arched housing considerably better at speed and I ended up putting an arched housing on almost all my carry guns that came with flat housings - I even changed the housing on my 1966 National Match which I beefed up to be a hunting gun.

That does not mean anyone else has to do that - and I still like the feel of the flat housing.

One of the neatest things I ever did was to angle an arched housing across its width - leaving it the same shape on the left side as original but taking it down to to a flat (level with the frame) on the right (I am right handed) - then I checkered it. It actually feels better than anything I've held and it shoots OK at speed. But I've only done two pistols' like that - otherwise it is too much trouble.

I used to tell students "Everything I do is 'original'; I steal it from the person who originated it!" I always thought I stole that odd MS housing from George Nonte but sometime around 2005 I bought a Bob Chow Bullseye gun (built on a 1918 G.I. 1911) and it had the same treatment - likely from the 1950s.

There truly is nothing new under the sun!

Just Ramblin'

Riposte

PS - my days of speed shooting are long gone now, so it likely doesn't matter what MS housing I use. I do like a lanyard loop, but that is really only an affectation.
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riposte191145, I noted your use of the word "affectation" a word the good Colonel used.;) I really miss the old days of early IPSC Matches. I don't even like to shoot USPSA Matches anymore for a variety of reasons. The first wide grip safety I remember was with a Hoag or a Safari-Arms grip safety. I had a Safari-Arms installed on my IPSC 1911 and really didn't notice that much difference, but then again I had started IPSC with a Browning Hi-Power which taught me to keep my grip low or I got bad hammer bite.
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riposte191145, I noted your use of the word "affectation" a word the good Colonel used.;) I really miss the old days of early IPSC Matches. I don't even like to shoot USPSA Matches anymore for a variety of reasons. The first wide grip safety I remember was with a Hoag or a Safari-Arms grip safety. I had a Safari-Arms installed on my IPSC 1911 and really didn't notice that much difference, but then again I had started IPSC with a Browning Hi-Power which taught me to keep my grip low or I got bad hammer bite.
Yep, I learned a lot of words from the Col. - finally I took to just hauling out a dictionary when I started to read one of his articles - but then what to you expect from a College Professor :D

I have the same problem with Browning "Half-powers" - but I learned that the culprit is the back of the hammer shank, not the spur (I used to cut the "rowel" in half but they still bit!). I'm an early user of the Safari Arms grip safety, and the Col. sort of viewed me askance when he saw it - but I took an Expert in the 499 (1st in the Shoot-off) and a Senior Expert in the 599 (2nd in the shoot-off) and he decided it might be OK for me ;)

Cheers!

Riposte
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Your remembrances of the early years of Practical Pistol/API have triggered many a memory. Do you remember the Apetier (sp?) plate rack with the moving plates? One of my fondest memories of API is sitting in the classroom one evening with the Col. and few beers watching ZULU. His commentary was priceless.
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This thread sure takes me back a ways, I hope folks don't mind my rambling, but lots of posts jiggle a cog in my old rusty brain.

I don't remember (not doubting the statement - just can't recall) about the trigger serrations or slide stop. I do remember not talking much about the the "emergency reload" ("slide lock reload"), as running your gun dry was a serious infraction - in fact when I went to the school the first time there was a fine of a case of beer (Jeff Liked Dos Equis - I asked) if you got caught with your slide back and your pistol empty. When I went back for the 599 the case of beer had disappeared but as long as the Col. was running the show, running a gun dry was still considered a faux-paux.

Oddly enough both Tom Givens and I had one penalty each for the week - both came in different simulators under the eye of Chuck Taylor, which gave him a lot of joy :) (well who ever heard of putting a gang of 5 shoot targets in a shoot-house?!):oops:

BTW, speaking of penalties, it is not germane to anything, but somewhere there are pictures of the "Mick-Lick" (I've never seen the term printed only verbally described so I may have mangled the spelling) - it was essentially a wooden silhouette target with about an 8" circle cut out of it - it had "arms" made of 2X4s which were hinged and there were something like screen door springs attached. The head was padded and hinged and there was some sort latch which caught it IF you hit it hard and fast enough - if you didn't, the arms were released and the 2X4's smacked you upside the head.

By the time I finally made it to the school in the spring of 1980 the springs had been removed from the "arms" (I can only imagine why ;) ). In our 499 we had a drill called the "Broadway Special" which started on the "Mick-Lick" - the goal was to drive your support hand into the face hard enough to lock the head back - draw while stepping back about 2 feet and put two rounds though the hole - The penalty for hitting the rest of the wood target was a magnum of champagne! There was only one hole in it in the wood in 1980, when I went back in 1982 I think they no longer used it.

Thanks for the memory!

Riposte
Could you tell us about more about Col. Cooper. I find him a fascinating person but not much info about him.
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Your remembrances of the early years of Practical Pistol/API have triggered many a memory. Do you remember the Apetier (sp?) plate rack with the moving plates? One of my fondest memories of API is sitting in the classroom one evening with the Col. and few beers watching ZULU. His commentary was priceless.
I sure do, they came up with it between my 599 (1982) and the First Provost Workshop (1983 or 84) - I got to shoot on it during the class. In fact I remembered it and when we started a little practice group back in KY we made a version of it (but the plates didn't hang they rolled along a track.

Riposte
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....THINGS OF QUESTIONABLE VALUE:
Ambidextrous thumb safety....

...THINGS THAT ARE OBJECTIONABLE:.....
I would have listed shooting right handed with your left eye as "Objectionable" if I wrote the list. :p






and before anyone gets offended, that was just a joke- I'm a Cooper fan- but also a lefty.
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Could you tell us about more about Col. Cooper. I find him a fascinating person but not much info about him.
I don't want folks to think I'm an actual "authority" on Col. Cooper, but I have taken several classes and even taught a few at Gunsite. I corresponded with him since I was a teenager, and looking back he was very patient with my sophomoric questions. We got along pretty well. I once took a friend from England with me to a class and he took a 1921 Thompson - we showed it to the Col. and he really put on a show - even though he is pretty well known for disliking "machine-pistols".

He is also the best hip shot I've ever seen (but I haven't seen all that many) - I'm sure everyone knows that he once split a bullet on an ax and broke two balloons, in front of hundreds of witnesses.

There is actually trick to that, there is a steel backing plate and the bullet fragments and breaks the balloons, but in this case the bullet actually did split on the edge and the ax is in his armory at the sconce. I do not know if the "halves" of the bullet actually hit the balloons, and nobody alive is saying ;)

He was actually not an arrogant man at all, though I could see how folks who have only read him or watched his lectures might get that impression. Also he was not perfect (who is) but if he found out you were clearly right about something he would admit it. That said, I never did convince him that the .45 Win. Mag was better than the .44 Auto Mag (just the cartridge) nor of the value of the .458 Lott.

One of the worst/best moments in my life was when we (instructors) were rating the students after the shoot-off and when it came to a guy who had done good work in both the simulators (I actually ran the Donga - in the mud no less! - and the Fun-house) with a Berreta 92 I argued for him getting an "E-ticket" - Jeff hated the gun (and the caliber), and actually so did I. But I said, the guy passed all the drills and shot one of the highest scores on the Standards and we probably should overlook what he shot - he was not convinced (I about had Louis Awerbuck and another instructor who worked for D.O.E. convinced) - ultimately Janelle stepped in and said I was right - that ended the discussion and the guy got his Expert rating. It was Janelle, not me that won the argument, but it was quite a relief!

One other moment stands out (though I will likely think of more); In the 599 (Advanced Class) shoot-off it came down to a really good guy and me for 2nd place (I had been asleep at the switch on my first bout to a guy that got eliminated fairly early, but when you lose one bout you don't get to challenge the guy who has not lost any). It was the "Guatemalan Table Drill" in which you had to start seated, knock down three Pepper Poppers at 10 yards, reload and hit the stop plate. In that crowd, if you make a bobble you are toast.

Well we are down to the last bout, the 1st place already being decided, and we split 4 bouts with two each each (by the time you reach the last "rung" of the J-ladder you must wind three out of five)

We switched sides every time we finished and I knew that there was one Popper of the six that was harder than the other to take down - but I was shooting handload that had a PF of 212 and hadn't had any problems . As luck would have it, I drew the hard side. By then I was "in the groove" and taking down the poppers and reloading and hitting the stop place in around 2.5 seconds (so was the other guy!). So I hit the three poppers, "licity split" and started my reload - then I noticed the 3rd popper had not gone down - I just leveled the gun from the hip and hit it in the head (which was really just luck!) and reloaded and won the exchange by a small fraction of a second!

The students and instructors all applauded, the Col, who was keeping score, waited and said loudly " He didn't learn that from me" ( actually I had learned that from him :D, we had done such a thing the week before - on much smaller targets than a Popper).

Sorry to ramble.

Riposte

PS; that guy I just barely squeaked by won 1st price at the first GAS (I wasn't able to make it). The prize was a Special Edition Bren Ten! He won it in the event shoot-off by taking the first 3 machine thrown clay targets from the 16 yard line with his 1911! I have shot trap with my 1911, but I'm only good for about 25% hits - 50 on a good day - that guy deserved the prize!
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I would have listed shooting right handed with your left eye as "Objectionable" if I wrote the list. :p

and before anyone gets offended, that was just a joke- I'm a Cooper fan- but also a lefty.
A little known "factoid" is that Jeff Cooper was left eye dominant (but it wasn't a really gross case).

Riposte
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A little known "factoid" is that Jeff Cooper was left eye dominant (but it wasn't a really gross case).

Riposte
Yep-
My best friend growing up and my little bro share that trait... we moved both to shoot LH and both improved dramatically. Especially shotgunning.... birds are no longer safe within 50 yds of either one!

(edited to correct a typo)
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Fritz Huls was student coordinator back in the day and i spent two weeks with him in the trailer just inside the gate. Made a deal and spent an extra week at the ranch in '83 working off 1/2 of my course fee. Louie and I were spreading gravel at the Apitier when the call went out about wood cutters on the property. It was all hands on deck and quite the scramble for a bit and the wood cutters got away.
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Fritz was a hell of a shot with anything! As I recall he had the little pin on his hat that the Col. gave out for taking 20 big game animals with 20 shots - I sort of forget what the name of that award was but at the time, I wasn't in any danger of getting one - by the time we had enough big game in our state it was no longer a thing 😢

There were some really outstanding people at Gunsite in the old days (some also today!).

Riposte
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I’m sooo glad we have the freedom of choice when it comes to whatever it is we want. To adopt a certain firearm. To customize or not. There are a lot of people that we can learn from about either what to do or not to do to a firearm. I know my needs are different than someone else’s needs. I’m not going to bash someone who has something different me. All I can say for anyone is “You do You and do You Well”. As I am going to do me well also. And I have enough trouble understanding my own self. Without confusing myself trying to figure out why someone else is doing or not doing ........
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I don't want folks to think I'm an actual "authority" on Col. Cooper, but I have taken several classes and even taught a few at Gunsite. I corresponded with him since I was a teenager, and looking back he was very patient with my sophomoric questions. We got along pretty well. I once took a friend from England with me to a class and he took a 1921 Thompson - we showed it to the Col. and he really put on a show - even though he is pretty well known for disliking "machine-pistols".

He is also the best hip shot I've ever seen (but I haven't seen all that many) - I'm sure everyone knows that he once split a bullet on an ax and broke two balloons, in front of hundreds of witnesses.

There is actually trick to that, there is a steel backing plate and the bullet fragments and breaks the balloons, but in this case the bullet actually did split on the edge and the ax is in his armory at the sconce. I do not know if the "halves" of the bullet actually hit the balloons, and nobody alive is saying ;)

He was actually not an arrogant man at all, though I could see how folks who have only read him or watched his lectures might get that impression. Also he was not perfect (who is) but if he found out you were clearly right about something he would admit it. That said, I never did convince him that the .45 Win. Mag was better than the .44 Auto Mag (just the cartridge) nor of the value of the .458 Lott.

One of the worst/best moments in my life was when we (instructors) were rating the students after the shoot-off and when it came to a guy who had done good work in both the simulators (I actually ran the Donga - in the mud no less! - and the Fun-house) with a Berreta 92 I argued for him getting an "E-ticket" - Jeff hated the gun (and the caliber), and actually so did I. But I said, the guy passed all the drills and shot one of the highest scores on the Standards and we probably should overlook what he shot - he was not convinced (I about had Louis Awerbuck and another instructor who worked for D.O.E. convinced) - ultimately Janelle stepped in and said I was right - that ended the discussion and the guy got his Expert rating. It was Janelle, not me that won the argument, but it was quite a relief!

One other moment stands out (though I will likely think of more); In the 599 (Advanced Class) shoot-off it came down to a really good guy and me for 2nd place (I had been asleep at the switch on my first bout to a guy that got eliminated fairly early, but when you lose one bout you don't get to challenge the guy who has not lost any). It was the "Guatemalan Table Drill" in which you had to start seated, knock down three Pepper Poppers at 10 yards, reload and hit the stop plate. In that crowd, if you make a bobble you are toast.

Well we are down to the last bout, the 1st place already being decided, and we split 4 bouts with two each each (by the time you reach the last "rung" of the J-ladder you must wind three out of five)

We switched sides every time we finished and I knew that there was one Popper of the six that was harder than the other to take down - but I was shooting handload that had a PF of 212 and hadn't had any problems . As luck would have it, I drew the hard side. By then I was "in the groove" and taking down the poppers and reloading and hitting the stop place in around 2.5 seconds (so was the other guy!). So I hit the three poppers, "licity split" and started my reload - then I noticed the 3rd popper had not gone down - I just leveled the gun from the hip and hit it in the head (which was really just luck!) and reloaded and won the exchange by a small fraction of a second!

The students and instructors all applauded, the Col, who was keeping score, waited and said loudly " He didn't learn that from me" ( actually I had learned that from him :D, we had done such a thing the week before - on much smaller targets than a Popper).

Sorry to ramble.

Riposte

PS; that guy I just barely squeaked by won 1st price at the first GAS (I wasn't able to make it). The prize was a Special Edition Bren Ten! He won it in the event shoot-off by taking the first 3 machine thrown clay targets from the 16 yard line with his 1911! I have shot trap with my 1911, but I'm only good for about 25% hits - 50 on a good day - that guy deserved the prize!
Thank you!
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I offer this without comment, take from it what you will! I do not remember the date of this list but it was a while back!
Cheers,
crkckr

THE COLT 1911 .45 ACP:
Guide to Modifications, according to Jeff Cooper

THINGS YOU SHOULD DO:
High Visibility Sights (including ramped front)
Dehorning
A crisp 3 1/2 to 4 1/2 lb. trigger


THINGS THAT ARE USEFUL:
Adjustable high visibility sights
Solid bushing
Enlarged ejection port
Beveled magazine well
Extended thumb safety
Throated barrel and polished feed ramp
Round and polish bottom of extractor hook
Magazine floor plate pads


THINGS THAT ARE OK:
Trigger over travel stop
Deactivate grip safety
Flat main spring housing
Spring modification to magazine release
Combat accuracy job (slight tightening of slide; solid bushing, not too tight; fitting of barrel hood,
link and slide stop to barrel lugs; 3 to 5 inch groups at 50 yards.
Bobbed hammer
Press fit of firing pin stop


THINGS OF QUESTIONABLE VALUE:
Colored sights
Duck tail grip safety
Ambidextrous thumb safety
Custom stocks
Stainless steel parts
Recoil buffer


THINGS THAT ARE OBJECTIONABLE:
Sight rib
Optical sights
Trigger shoe
Extended slide stop
Squared or hooked trigger guard
Loaded chamber indicator
Double action conversion
Muzzle brake
Over-length barrel
Extended magazine release
Recoil spring guide
Long slide
Group gripper
Ejection port modified to drop brass close to shooter
Maximum Accurize job; hard fit, lapped, maximum tightness, groups of 1 3/4 to 2 1/2 at 50 yards.
Uncle Jeff said the 1911 should have “sights you can see, a trigger you can manage, and a dehorning job.” Anything else was gun and shooter dependent.
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A little known "factoid" is that Jeff Cooper was left eye dominant (but it wasn't a really gross case). Riposte
Another "factoid."

Cooper was a reserve LtCol.

Not a Full Colonel.
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