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5.56 Nato VS .223 Rem

6.4K views 18 replies 15 participants last post by  gcmj45acp  
#1 ·
This subject has come up a number of times here so I thought maybe just a seperate thread of it's own so folks can store it for future reference.

Karsten

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This next one comes from Winchester: http://www.winchester.com/law/news/news.eye?storyid=11


quote:
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.223 Rem VS 5.56mm
There are a lot of questions about these two cartridges. Many people think they are identical; merely different designations for commercial and military. The truth is that, although somewhat similar, they are not the same and you should know the differences before buying either cartridge.
The cartridge casings for both calibers have basically the same length and exterior dimensions. The 5.56 round, loaded to Military Specification, typically has higher velocity and chamber pressure than the .223 Rem. The 5.56 cartridge case may have thicker walls, and a thicker head, for extra strength. This better contains the higher chamber pressure. However, a thicker case reduces powder capacity, which is of concern to the reloader. The 5.56mm and .223 Rem chambers are nearly identical. The difference is in the Leade. Leade is defined as the portion of the barrel directly in front of the chamber where the rifling has been conically removed to allow room for the seated bullet. It is also more commonly known as the throat. Leade in a .223 Rem chamber is usually .085. In a 5.56mm chamber the leade is typically .162, or almost twice as much as in the 223 Rem chamber. You can fire .223 Rem cartridges in 5.56mm chambers with this longer leade, but you will generally have a slight loss in accuracy and velocity over firing the .223 round in the chamber with the shorter leade it was designed for. Problems may occur when firing the higher-pressure 5.56mm cartridge in a .223 chamber with its much shorter leade. It is generally known that shortening the leade can dramatically increase chamber pressure. In some cases, this higher pressure could result in primer pocket gas leaks, blown cartridge case heads and gun functioning issues. The 5.56mm military cartridge fired in a .223 Rem chamber is considered by SAAMI (Small Arm and Ammunition Manufacturers Institute) to be an unsafe ammunition combination.

Before buying either of these two types of ammunition, always check your gun to find what caliber it is chambered for, then buy the appropriate ammunition. Most 5.56mm rounds made have full metal jacket bullets. Performance bullets; soft points, hollow points, Ballistic Silvertips, etc. are loaded in .223 Rem cartridges. Firing a .223 Rem cartridge in a 5.56mm-chambered gun is safe and merely gives you slightly reduced velocity and accuracy. However we do not recommend, nor does SAAMI recommend, firing a 5.56mm cartridge in a gun chambered for the .223 Rem as the shorter leade can cause pressure-related problems.

Winchester Law Enforcement Ammunition East Alton Illinois


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#5 ·
popeye said:
My understanding is mini 14 is chambered for and uses same leade as 5.56. If anyone knows different please let me know.

This is an excellent post and should be saved by all, and or printed out for reference.
Dear popeye,

Your understanding appears to be correct. The manual for my Ranch Rifle says that it is, "...designed to use either standardized U.S> Military, or commercial sporting .223 (5.56mm) caliber cartridges manufactured in accordance with U.S. industry practice." Stay safe, Gary
 
#10 ·
Greg1911

I picked up a case at a gunshow about 4 months ago, it was the 55grn. FMJ I ended up paying $96 even for it.

I haven't had a chance to try the .223 on steel plates yet but I've done it with the 7.62x39 Wolf HP in my AK-47. I was shooting at a piece of 3/8 inch Ibeam at 50yrds and they cut right through it.

I've also shot alot of .45 Wolf in my Colt 1911 without any problems. And I've seen it at the gunshows for $64 for 500rds.

Coltman
 
#12 ·
I think it was late 1966 when an Austin, TX, TV station showed footage of the military's new WunderWeapon and its cartridge. The newsies showed suitable awe at the destruction of concrete blocks, and went, "Oh, wow!" at the idea of a 55-grain bullet at 3,000 ft/sec.

Having played with a Swift and a Varminter some 16 yeqrs before, I was--somehow--not as awestruck.

The Mini-14 came out and I bought one. I knew guys at Fort Hood, and there was a reasonable supply of "surplus" ammo. :) It shot just fine.

I've owned a few ARs and a few Minis. As I look at how they're built, and compare them with bolt actions, I have great difficulty worrying about the difference between GI ammo and non-GI ammo. Looks to me like a bolt action will take more pressure than either of the semi-autos.

When target shooters find improved accuracy with bullets seated out almost touching the lands, why is leade an issue? I have often seated max-load bullets to almost touching the lands, and have had no pressure signs. I just can't buy into this "leade" argument.

Sorry.

:), Art
 
#15 ·
I am not sure I quite believe Winchester's claim of significant difference between 5.56 NATO and REM .223. They suggest that the 5.56 produce higher pressures and greater velocity over .223, but the difference in velocity is quite small with NATO rounds rated at 3300 fps for a 55 grain bullet and much of the commercial .223 loads for a 55 grain bullet produce velocities of 3100 to 3250 fps with most being 3200 or better. Maybe I am missing something? It looks to me like the greatest difference in velocity is only by a few percent.
 
#16 ·
Can one tell by the headstamp on the case of the cartridge whether it's a 5.56 or a .223?

I have a Thompson Center Contender barrel marked .223, I assume this is really .223, and that I shouldn't fire 5.56 ammo in it.

But if I already have some ammo, my question is,

Does all 5.56 ammo say 5.56 on the case? If it says .223, then it must be safe for a .223 chamber, right?
 
#17 ·
.223 in a T/C Contender

If it says .223 Rem, it should be safe for your contender, no questoin.

As far as mil-surplus ammo, most of it will be headstamped by manufacturer and year (LC 75 being Lake City 1975, for example). It will not say 5.56 or .223 on it either way MOST of the time. That said, some might say 5.56 NATO, but should or would not say .223 Rem. because the .223 Remington is a commercial load, not military.

Hope this confuses the issue more... :)
 
#18 ·
Rem. The 5.56 cartridge case may have thicker walls, and a thicker head, for extra strength. This better contains the higher chamber pressure. However, a thicker case reduces powder capacity, which is of concern to the reloader.

I think this myth originally got started because of the difference in the .308 and 7.62 nato cartridges. Although loading manuels do warn reloaders that there is a difference between these two cartridges because of the case thinkness and dimensions they make no mention whatsoever about the same being true for the .223 Rem. v/s the 5.56 mm cartridges.

It is only common sense to realize that a round loaded to extremely high velocity may indeed cause problems if the weapon in question did not have the correct lead in the throat. Having said that I have seen absolutely no one at our range have any problems firing millitary 5.56 ammo in commercial guns. Not that it could not happen but I have not seen it happen. W.R.
 
#19 ·
Suppose I'll throw my hat into this...I took a defensive class with John Farnam a while back and this subject came up with respect to .223 and 5.56mm auto-loading rifles.

Someone asked about the Mini-14...it is best to get a gunsmith familiar with the issue to check your rifle because Mini-14's have been made with both SAAMI(.223) and NATO(5.56) chambers and there is no way to tell just by looking at the exterior of the rifle.

For the AR-15, I'm only familiar with three brands, Bushmaster, Colt and Armalite. Bushmaster rifles are chambered for 5.56NATO and are so marked. The same is GENERALLY true of Colt but I have been told that there are SAAMI chambered Colt's on the market. I am told that this happens when some one "builds" and AR on a Colt reciever but all Colt rifles supposedly leave the factory chambered for 5.56NATO. Armalite does give one cause for concern since they manufacture barrels and guns chambered both ways. According to Armalite, for the AR15's, the chrome-lined, "moly" barrels are NATO chambered where as the "stainless" match barrels are SAAMI chambered. All of Armalite's AR-10(308) rifles are supposed to be chambered for 7.62NATO unless they are chambered for the smaller .243 cartridge.

Another pretty slick autoloading 5.56mm rifle is the Robinson Arms M96 Expeditionary rifle. These are all chambered for 5.56NATO and are gaining a reputation as being the rifle the AR15 should have been. Having seen them and shot them...I'm inclined to agree but I had to settle for the AR15 to keep my budget in check and to be sure that I had easy access to spare parts.